But now that we’ve been introduced to the concept of the traveling Empire of Tartars (or Tatars, the original spelling) and the possibility that they left beautiful cities in their wake, perhaps these legends can be re-examined.

We can also ask ourselves what happened to the sophisticated society of Hyperborea that existed until the mid-1500’s according to Mercador’s Map.

We have all heard the legends about the Seven Cities of Gold, even the Lone Ranger and Tonto have them woven into their stories.

The story we have been taught is that the tricky natives lured the Spanish Invaders from their lands in Florida by telling them that west beyond the Great River (which eventually became the Mississippi) that they would discover vast elegant empires with citizens indulging in refined lifestyles and so much wealth that even their most basic objects were crafted of gold and jewels.

Mysterious and strange, these ancient cities and buildings have survived possibly centuries, protected by water.

Deeply hidden, some over 100 ft. below Sea level, in the abyss because of natural phenomena, they have been fundamental discovers for archeologists and they confirmed a lot of myths and legends.

Cleopatra palace in Alexandria, discovered in 1998 is one of the most important findings about ancient Egyptian civilization, containing a lot of daily life objects and impressive and unique sculptures.

Mysterious pyramids of Yonaguni-Jima in Japan, the beautiful city of Qiandao, China, and the amazing archeological parc of Baiae in Italy.

This city literally collapsed underwater allegedly because of a volcanic earthquake.

These pictures here are mysterious and poetic, offering a view on a completely unknown world, unknown to most in the “modern” world.

From December 16, 1811, through March of 1812 there were over 2,000 earthquakes in the central Midwest, and between 6,000-10,000 earthquakes in the Bootheel of Missouri where New Madrid is located near the junction of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.

In the known history of the world, no other earthquakes have lasted so long and resulted in so much damage as the New Madrid earthquakes.

A Sequence of Three Main Shocks in 1811-1812 of three very large earthquakes is usually referred to as the New Madrid earthquakes, after the Missouri town that was the largest settlement on the Mississippi River between St. Louis, Missouri and Natchez, Mississippi.

On the basis of the large area of damage (600,000 square kilometers), the widespread area of perceptibility (5,000,000 square kilometers), and the complex physiographic changes that occurred, the New Madrid earthquakes of 1811-1812 rank as some of the largest in the United States since its settlement by Europeans.

They were by far the largest east of the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and Canada.

The area of strong shaking associated with these shocks is two to three times as large as that of the 1964 Alaska earthquake and 10 times as large as that of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.

The New Madrid earthquakes were felt as far away as Canada and the eastern seaboard, the tremors caused church bells to ring in Boston and Philadelphia, the earth’s surface remained in a state of constant motion for nearly four months, several towns were destroyed, an 18 by 5-mile lake was created (Reelfoot Lake in Tennessee).

The earthquakes felt strongly across 130,000 square miles and moderately for a total of nearly 3 million miles.

The effect was devastating and widespread.

The upheaval was so violent it created Reelfoot Lake fifteen miles south of New Madrid and drowned the inhabitants of an entire Indian village along the Mississippi.

The river amazingly “ran backward” for several hours, which may have been a tsunami-like event exacerbated by the eruption of groundwater for miles along the shore, which caused a rapid rise of the water level in the riverbed.

The earthquakes were felt as far away as the White House, and it’s said that church bells in Boston rang on their own.

Shortly before the first earthquake, people reported strange behavior by animals.

Many animals were nervous and frightened.

Domestic animals became wild, and wild animals became tame.

Snakes came out of the ground from hibernation.

Flocks of ducks and geese landed near people.

In 1811, a great bright comet appeared in the skies.

It was visible the naked eye for around 260 days.

In the USA, the comet was named Tecumseh’s Comet and the Europeans called it “Napoleon’s Comet”.

The last time the comet had been witnessed was during the reign of Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses II, 3,065 years before.

The arrival of the Tecumseh’s comet was followed by the New Madrid earthquakes, the biggest earthquakes in American history, events that are linked to the Black Sun prophecy.

Tecumseh was an important Native American mystic, warrior and military leader of the Shawnee.

Tecumseh (/tɪˈkʌmsə, -si/ tih-KUM-sə, -⁠see; (March 9, 1768[2] – October 5, 1813) was a Shawnee chief and warrior who promoted resistance to the expansion of the United States onto Native American lands. A persuasive orator, Tecumseh traveled widely, forming a Native American confederacy and promoting intertribal unity. Even though his efforts to unite Native Americans ended with his death in the events following the War of 1812, he became an iconic folk hero in American, Indigenous, and Canadian popular history.

He is today remembered as a great hero who fought for freedom.

His name ominously meant “Shooting Star” or “He who walks across the sky.”

Tecumseh’s brother, who was a religious leader, known as “The Prophet,” had predicted a solar eclipse in 1806.

William Henry Harrison, governor of Indiana was worried the Prophet was becoming too popular and challenged him to produce a miracle.

William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841) was the ninth president of the United States, serving from March 4 to April 4, 1841, the shortest presidency in U.S. history. He was also the first U.S. president to die in office, causing a brief constitutional crisis, since presidential succession was not then fully defined in the U.S. Constitution. Harrison was the last president born as a British subject in the Thirteen Colonies. He was a member of the Harrison family of Virginia, a son of Benjamin Harrison V, who was a U.S. Founding Father; he was also the grandfather of Benjamin Harrison, the 23rd U.S. president.

The Prophet announced another solar eclipse occur and so it did, on September 17, 1811.

It was titled,

The inspiration for the word was likely “Khalif” or “Khalifa” which means “successor” in Arabic but more specifically refers in Islam to a head of state or leader of the Muslims. 

Montalvo was surely familiar with these words.

Portions of Spain were ruled by the Moors (Tartarians!), who were Muslim, from 757 to 1492. 

And it fits the story’s narrative.

Montalvo’s novel was a fanciful rehash of the struggle between Christians and Muslims during the crusades.

When Wonder Woman’s homeland is first introduced in 1941, it is referred to as Paradise Island, a secret and hidden island on Earth inhabited by the Amazons of myth.

The Amazons were given a break from the hostilities and temptations of Man’s World and so were decreed to start a new life improving themselves by sequestering themselves to this island away from ancient Greece, after being enslaved by Hercules.

With the island blessed by the Olympian Gods, no man was allowed to physically set foot on it.

It was established that all Amazons are adept at a discipline called “bullets and bracelets” in which they are able to deflect bullets fired at them using the chain bands on their wrists.

It was originally implied, but not yet fully confirmed, that Paradise Island was located somewhere in the Pacific Ocean.

Then in the 1970s television incarnation (as portrayed by Lynda Carter), Paradise Island’s location was set in the Bermuda Triangle.

And the 2009 animated movie version had set it in the Aegean Sea.

For centuries, the Amazons of Themyscira live in a perfect state of harmony with their surroundings, under a theocracy.

They know no racism, although many consider Antiope’s Lost Tribe of Amazons as little more than savages.

They do not think in terms of male gender; the word “policeman” is alien to them until Diana’s departure into the outside world.

Homosexuality is completely natural to them — while some Amazons are chaste, others have loving consorts.

Their city is composed entirely of Greco-Roman architecture from 1200 BCE, and they wear:

and period armor.

The Amazons also all wear the Bracelets of Submission as constant reminders of their Enslavement and obedience to their patrons, although only Diana is able to deflect bullets with them.

They are fervently religious, worshipping their gods as living deities.

Artemis is their primary goddess, and they worship her with a sacrifice of a deer.

The Amazons celebrate their creation each year in a Feast of Five, remembering the goddesses who brought them to life.

The name “California” traces its origin to a centuries old story about an island, full of gold, run by black women who fed men to their pet griffins.

Like other Amazonian legends, the island of California was a place filled with strong, self-sufficient women who solicited male attention completely on their own terms.

This story resonates in California, which has a long history of gender roles being reconstructed.

And it is fitting that this state, which has served as a frontier for issues of:

gets its name from a mythical story where:

collide.

Finally, the story of an island full of gold foreshadowed the Gold Rush, which propelled the idea of the California dream around the world.

A Muurish (African) Emperor Abu Bukari took 2,000+ ships to the New World in the 1300s.

(PDF) Abubakari II. The emperor who left across the sea. Discussing the Mali Empire arrival to America

So Muurish navigators and sea men were highly sought in those days that the previously land bounded Europeans were in their infancy in navigational and maritime sciences.

A black man used to own the San Fernando Valley.

That was Pio de Jesus Pico (1801-1894).

Don Pío de Jesús Pico IV (May 5, 1801 – September 11, 1894) was a Californio politician, ranchero, and entrepreneur, famous for serving as the last governor of Alta California under Mexican rule from 1845 to 1846. He briefly held the governorship during a disputed period in 1832. A member of the prominent Pico family of California, he was one of the wealthiest men in California at the time and a hugely influential figure in Californian society, continuing as a citizen of the nascent U.S. state of California.

He was also the last Mexican governor of California.

Pio de Jesus Pico (1801-1894) | BlackPast.org

In total, in the 1800s, there were at least four black governors of the state of California.

Califia is a part of California history, and she also reinforces the fact that when Cortes named this place California, he had 300 black people with him.

Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca (December 1485 – December 2, 1547) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish explorers and conquistadors who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

And throughout the whole Spanish Mexican war, 40 percent of the population was black.

In 1535, Cortés led an expedition back to the land of Calafia or California and decided to be re-named it Santa Cruz.

However, that name did not stick, as the natives, and the Muurs and the black Indians and red Indians and so-called whites continued to use the ancient and old name of the land “California”.

Cortes himself and his contemporaries appeared to have used the name too.

In 1550 and 1556, the name appears three times in reports about Cortés written by Giovanni Battista Ramusio.

Thus, over the years of increasing conquest, colonization and rape of the land of California, the ancient land of the Muurs has held onto its name and identity, in the knowledge that one day, it will be as it was in the beginning.

There are over 800 maps of California as an island up until the early 1800’s domiciled at the Stanford Research Library at Stanford University.

And of course, it is the Jesuits who claimed the whole “Island of California” is a myth.

Miles Williams Mathis: The Jesuits – Library of Rickandria

Although some early maps showed California on the mainland, a powerful refutation of the island theory came in 1701 when Jesuit explorer Eusebio Kino crossed the Baja peninsula and, with a telescope, saw that it was part of the continent.

Eusebio Francisco Kino, SJ (Italian: Eusebio Francesco Chini, Spanish: Eusebio Francisco Kino; 10 August 1645 – 15 March 1711), often referred to as Father Kino, was an Italian Jesuit, missionary, geographer, explorer, cartographer, mathematician and astronomer born in the Bishopric of Trent, Holy Roman Empire.

Over 250 maps from the 17th and 18th centuries show California as an island.

The definitive catalog of “California as an Island” maps is “The Mapping of California as an Island” by McLaughlin.

The first map in McLaughlin’s catalog dates to 1621.

Island maps continued into the 1800s, in spite of Spanish explorer Father Kino demonstrating California’s connectedness in 1705 by walking there from New Mexico.

But since there were no accurate maps of the New World, map makers continued to supply the market using ancient sources.

Hapgood attributes the ancient sources to maps preserved in Constantinople and later distributed by Turks. (p.9)

That there were only a limited number of original sources is shown by their all falling into categories according to the features on the map.

For example, some show the California island with a flat top, others showing it with a “W” top.

McLaughlin assigns maps to groups throughout his catalog according to features such as the shape of the top of the island.

Since no explorers had mapped the California coast at that point, there was no way for map makers to know which source was right.

As it turns out, both sources are right, they were just mapped at different times and different ocean levels.

Polk chronicles the extremely slow progress of exploration along the California coast for the next two centuries (“The Island of California, A History of the Myth”, Dora Beale Polk).

She relates how Cortez mapped only the lower portion of the Gulf of California.

Alarcon sailed up the Gulf to the Colorado River in 1540 and rowed up the river a long way but left no map.

The explorer Onate reached the mouth of the Colorado at the head of the Gulf in 1604, over a century after Columbus’ voyage. (Polk p. 261)

Juan de Oñate y Salazar (Spanish: [ˈxwan de‿oˈɲate] ⓘ; 1550–1626) was a Spanish conquistador, explorer and viceroy of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain, in the present-day U.S. state of New Mexico. He led early Spanish expeditions to the Great Plains and Lower Colorado River Valley, encountering numerous indigenous tribes in their homelands there. Oñate founded settlements in the province, now in the Southwestern United States.

In the late 1500s, Spanish trade ships followed ocean currents from the far east to the area of Mendocino, where they turned south to Baja.

But they would not venture near the coast and so provided only limited information on California geography. (Polk, p. 244)

In 1603, on a voyage cloaked in secrecy and plagued with misfortune, Vizcaino explored the Pacific coast of California up to Cape Blanco, Oregon, where they presumed a large river was the sought-after passage to the Atlantic. (Polk, p.257).

Sebastián Vizcaíno (c. 1548–1624) was a Spanish soldier, entrepreneur, explorer, and diplomat whose varied roles took him to New Spain, the Baja California peninsula, the California coast and Asia.

In all these explorations, Polk emphasizes the political pressure on explorers and map makers to find that California was an island.

It was in the best interest of people like Cortez that California be an island, because Cortez was promised governorship of the island.

The Pacific coast has been pushed eastward about 200 miles.

The area that was pushed eastward extends from the top of the island at the north, to Point Concepcion at the south.

This section of the coastline bears no resemblance to today’s coastline.

In the overlay map the northeast corner of the island forms a point that is created by the mountain range ending at the Willamette National Forest east of Eugene.

The flat top follows the visible break in the coastal range just south of Eugene.

Many “California as an Island” maps from the 1600s and the 1700s show the north end of the island as a distinct “M”.

McLaughlin categorizes maps by whether they have a “flat” or “indented” top throughout his catalog of California as an island maps (“The Mapping of California as an Island, an Illustrated Checklist”, Glen McLaughlin).

The “M” was the result of later pushing up of the coastal and Cascade ranges around Portland. 

The salt lakes east of the northeast corner are evidence that there was a lot of saltwater left there after the ocean receded.

South on the Pacific side from the flat island top, we find the coastline from the top of the island to Point Concepcion extends 200 miles farther out into the Pacific than it does today. 

Because the geography of the coastline is so different from the present day, the Vingboons map offers no points of alignment with modern landmarks.

Vingboons adorned this section of the coast with many names of features that could not have had any resemblance to what the early explorers saw but rather assigned them the names given by the Spanish to the modern features found by the Spanish at that latitude.

What caused this 200-mile eastward movement of the coastline?

While changing ocean level played a small part in the shape of the coast, the biggest cause was plate movement of the Pacific seafloor.

Two significant rifts extend across the Pacific, starting at the Hawaiian Islands chain and meeting the continent at Eureka on the north end and Point Conception on the south, at Eureka by the Murray Fracture zone, and at Point Conception by the Mendocino Fracture zone. 

These rifts do not stop at the Pacific coastline but rather continue to the east coast, the northern rift to New York, and the southern rift to the active earthquake zone of North Carolina.

These rifts gradually buckled the continent from east to west, starting during the Flood with the Appalachians.

A Midwest uplift buried under Mississippi river valley sediment was the location of the great earthquakes of 1811-1812.

The Rockies were pushed up next, then the Wasatch range in Utah and last the folded ridges of Nevada.

Finally, after the Vingboons map was made, the Sierra Nevada and California Coastal ranges were pushed up.

These two ridges do not appear on an otherwise extremely accurate map.

I must assume they were not on the source maps because they did not yet exist.

The formation of these last two ranges pushed the coastline of the map east by over 200 miles to where it is today.

The eastward shift can be seen in this map of California geology.

are dark blue.

There is a sharp break in this rock between the Murray and Mendocino rifts.

Formation of the Sierra Nevada range pushed this block east about 50 miles.

The “Older Metamorphic and sedimentary rocks” were pushed east into what became the Sierra Nevada’s.

The “Great Gold Rush of 1849” occurred due to the uplifting of the Sierra Nevada Mountain range and revealed abundant gold and silver on the surface of the ground.

You could literally pick up the nuggets without having to dig with a pickaxe.

Therefore, ships from as far away as China sailed to San Francisco and the wagon trains were able to cross the Great Salt Lake, which up until that time, was still ocean fed.

This is why you find ocean fossils in the Great Salt Lake, and no one was able to access California until the mid-1800’s!

And while all this was going on The Great Flood of 1862 was the largest flood in the recorded history of:

occurring from December 1861 to January 1862.

Great Flood of 1862 - Wikipedia

It was preceded by weeks of continuous rains and snows in the very high elevations that began in Oregon in November 1861 and continued into January 1862.

This was followed by a record amount of rain from January 9–12 and contributed to a flood that extended from the Columbia River southward in western Oregon, and through California to San Diego, and extended as far inland as Idaho in the Washington Territory, Nevada and Utah in the Utah Territory, and Arizona in the western New Mexico Territory.

The event dumped an equivalent of 10 feet of rainfall in California, in the form of rain and snow, over a period of 43 days.

Immense snow falls in the mountains of the far western United States caused more flooding in:

and Sonora, Mexico the following spring and summer as the snow melted.

The event was capped by a warm intense storm that melted the high snow load.

The resulting snowmelt flooded valleys, inundated or swept away:

and ruined fields.

It has been described as the worst disaster ever to strike California.

In the winter of 1840, the Western Emigration Society was founded in Missouri, with 500 pledging to trek west into Mexico California.

Members included:

and Nye.

Talbot H. Green (born Paul Geddes; August 11, 1810 – July 2, 1889) was an American merchant and politician during the mid-19th century, who was exposed as Paul Geddes, an absconder and embezzler of funds from a Philadelphia bank. Born in Pennsylvania to an influential family of Scottish descent, Geddes initially worked in merchandising and engineering. His early career in Philadelphia ended abruptly after financial mismanagement and embezzlement led him to leave his wife and four children, flee westward, and adopt the alias Talbot H. Green.

Organized on 18 May 1841, Talbot H. Green was elected president,

John Bidwell secretary,

John Bidwell (August 5, 1819 – April 4, 1900), known in Spanish as Don Juan Bidwell, was an American pioneer, politician, and soldier. Bidwell is known as the founder of the city of Chico, California.

and John Bartleson captain.

Bartleson–Bidwell Party - Wikipedia

Pierre-Jean De Smet, SJ (Dutch and French IPA: [də smɛt]; 30 January 1801 – 23 May 1873), also known as Pieter-Jan De Smet, was a Flemish Catholic priest and member of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). He is known primarily for his widespread missionary work in the mid-19th century among the Native American peoples, in the midwestern and northwestern United States and western Canada.

The group joined Father Pierre-Jean De Smet's Jesuit missionary group, led by Thomas F. Fitzpatrick, westward across South Pass along the Oregon Trail.

That trail took them past:

and Independence Rock.

The Bartleson-Bidwell party separated from Fitzpatrick, and the missionary group, at Soda Springs on 11 Aug.

Some 152 years ago Freemason Brother Peter Lassen led 12 wagons from Missouri to California, forging the treacherous – and now infamous – Lassen Trail.

Peter Lassen (October 31, 1800 – April 26, 1859), later known in Spanish as Don Pedro Lassen, was a Danish-born Californian ranchero and gold prospector. Born in Denmark, Lassen immigrated at age 30 to Massachusetts, before eventually moving to California (then a part of Mexico). In California, Lassen became a Mexican citizen and received the vast Rancho Bosquejo from Governor Manuel Micheltorena. He is the namesake of Lassen County, California, Lassen Peak, Lassen National Forest, and Lassen Volcanic National Park.

After months of hardship, he successfully delivered new settlers to Benton City, the state’s northernmost community.

On November 23, 1848, Levi Stowell was appointed master of the new lodge, and on November 15, 1849, the lodge was formally organized under the charter.

After meeting the requirements of the Grand Lodge of California, Sacramento Lodge #40 was chartered on May 6, 1854, and assigned the number 40, signifying that it was the fortieth Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons to be chartered in the state of California.

La Fayette Lodge No. 126 was chartered by the Grand Lodge of California on May 13, 1858.

It is located in Sebastopol California, originally a farming community north of San Francisco.

To this day, La Fayette Lodge maintains the traditions of a small-town community.

Joseph Scaliger was a French Jesuit religious leader and scholar, known for expanding the notion of classical history from Greek and ancient Roman history to include:

and ancient Egyptian history.

Joseph Justus Scaliger (/ˈskælɪdʒər/; 5 August 1540 – 21 January 1609) was a Franco-Italian Calvinist religious leader and scholar, known for expanding the notion of classical history from Greek and Ancient Roman history to include Persian, Babylonian, Jewish and Ancient Egyptian history. He spent the last sixteen years of his life in the Netherlands.

In 1601 Gaspar Scioppius, then in the service of the Jesuits published his Scaliger Hypobolimaeus (“The Supposititious Scaliger”), a quarto volume of more than four hundred pages.

The author purports to point out five hundred lies in the Epistola de vetustate of Scaliger.

The pressure of the Scaligerian chronology and all of these oddities brings historians to the conclusion that:

It was built in 1905 and 1906 1907.

The building has been home to two institutions, the Knights Templar and the Baptist Church.

The building was originally built for the Golden Gate Commandery #16 of the Knights Templar, a masonic order at the turn of the century.

The building was originally built for the Golden Gate Commandery #16 of the Knights Templar.

A Grand Parade was held at the Grand Conclave on August 20, 1883.

The first Masonic lodge, at 1 Montgomery Street, was built in 1860 and, of course, burned down in the 1906 fire.

In 1911, the Masonic Temple Association laid a 12-ton cornerstone (the largest ever in California at that time) for the new building.

Two years later, (man these guys could erect back then!), a grand parade of 8,000 Masons, with Knights Templar on horseback, marked the dedication.

by W. Bruce Pruitt, KGC, Right Eminent Past Grand Commander, California

The most unforgettable event that took place in the city of San Francisco, California, in the year 1906 was the infamous earthquake and fire.

However, two years earlier, in 1904, the most significant and memorable event was the very impressive assembly of Knights Templar of the Grand Encampment of the United States.

San Francisco was literally “turned over” to host the twenty-ninth Triennial.

Only a few examples of the opulent treatment given by the city will demonstrate the importance attributed to the event.

Market Street, the major street of San Francisco, was lined with columns capped by Templar crosses.

The Ferry Building, at the foot of Market Street and perhaps the most dominant structure at that time, was outlined with lights and had a lighted Knight Templar cross on the side facing the city.

The Grand Lodge of California building was outlined at every corner with lighting including the square and compasses, Templar cross, cross and crown, etc.

(This beautiful structure, on Market Street, was destroyed by the earthquake and fire two years later.)

Golden Gate Park was profuse with floral arrangements forming Masonic symbols of all types.

Business sessions were held in Golden Gate Hall, and the San Francisco Pavilion was greatly decorated for events.

The festivities extended from August 31 to September 6 and culminated with an amazing parade through the length of Market St. to Van Ness Avenue.

Many, if not all, attending Commanderies produced souvenir medals to commemorate the experience.

One personal enjoyment engaged in by the Knights was to exchange medals and accumulate a collection to take back home.

The presiding Most Eminent Grand Master was Sir Knight Henry Bates Stoddard of Texas.

Henry Bates Stoddard (1840 - 1925) - Genealogy

He was greeted in Oakland by the Grand Commander of California, Past Grand Master Reuben H. Lloyd, the Commanders of California Commandery No. 1 and Golden Gate Commandery No 16, and an escort of Sir Knights.

Reuben Hedley Lloyd (1835 - 1909) - Genealogy

He then proceeded across San Francisco Bay by ferry to the Ferry Building, where he was met by an even more elaborate escort.

The record states:

REUBEN P. HURLBUT

and Commander of California Commandery proceeded in a carriage drawn by four white horses.

Several other carriages followed.

The delegation from Great Britain was given special attention:

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.

The drill competition was held on the multi-acre Recreation Ground of Golden Gate Park.

Awards were won by:

The launching of the armored cruiser Milwaukee was timed to occur during the time of the Conclave.

It took place at the Union Iron Works along the shoreline of San Francisco Bay.

Naturally it was of special interest to the delegation from the state of Wisconsin.

A beautiful, leather-bound record was produced to commemorate this Triennial.

That book is truly a treasure and a collector’s item.

A review of the photographs in this volume is the only way one can appreciate in any way the extent of effort and involvement that went into this assembly.

Those pictures help one to enjoy, in particular, the final parade of Sir Knights.

The number of mounted companies, the sizes of the delegations, and the number of spectators lining the streets make one really appreciate those “glory days” of Templary.

Oakland Commandery No. 11 seemed to extend for over a block.

San Jose Commandery No. 10 was almost two blocks long.

California Commandery was resplendent in their unique uniform and made up a fully mounted troop.

Even though there were, of course, larger groups from California, every Grand Commandery made an impressive appearance.

The Grand Commandery of Pennsylvania, mounted on matching black steeds, did their part to impress the on-lookers.

Remember, the only way to access SF was from the South or by water, so all materials had to be hauled in and that California Statehood was not reached until 1850.

The 1850 U.S. Federal Census tallied California’s population at 92,597.

This illustrates the population consensus of San Francisco, which clearly shows that either the consensus is in error by a great margin given the photographic images of the 1850’s – 1900’s, or the Tartarians were there already well established.

And the story goes…

Then in 1846 the USA annexed California.

On 9 July 1846 USS Portsmouth sailed into San Francisco Bay and sailors and marines went ashore and raised the US flag.

The little settlement of Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco (after the bay) on 30 January 1847.

At that time San Francisco only had a population of about 800.

In 1848 a man named James Marshall discovered gold.

James Wilson Marshall (October 8, 1810 – August 10, 1885) was an American carpenter and sawmill operator, who on January 24, 1848, reported the finding of gold at Coloma, California, a small settlement on the American River about 36 miles northeast of Sacramento. His discovery was the impetus for the California gold rush. The mill property was owned by Johann (John) Sutter who employed Marshall to build his mill. The wave of gold seekers turned everyone's attention away from the mill which eventually fell into disrepair and was never used as intended. Neither Marshall nor Sutter ever profited from the gold find.

News of the find reached New York in December 1848.

As a result, people went to San Francisco in their thousands and the population boomed.

In 1849 the population of San Francisco reached 25,000.

That first wave of settlers included many southerners who brought slaves with them.

Even after California was granted state hood in 1850 as a “free” state, several thousand people of African descent were held in slavery with the backing of fugitive slave laws passed by the California legislature and approved by the California supreme court.

But a growing majority of California’s white men, the only ones who could vote, were embracing the “free soil” ideology of the anti-slavery wing of the Democratic Party.

The commitment to free white labor meant that any other group, for example, the thousands of:

and other Spanish-speakers who arrived early to the gold diggings, had to be defined as occupying a different category of work.

The push for a “foreign miner’s tax” that lasted until 1852 was designed to drive out the so-called peones, or peons, men who were paid a pittance and sent the products of their labor to their patrones, or bosses.

The Spanish-speaking gold miners were defined as less than white men by this argument, and thus subject to violent expulsion.

After 1852, when most Spanish-speaking miners had departed, the target of white miners was shifted to the Chinese miners.

Before long a new claim was being made about the Chinese workers who had signed contracts and come to work in California:

they were “coolies.”

And, of course, as we see everywhere, fires burning buildings in the 1850’s and beyond.

Frequent fires shaped the development of both San Francisco and Sacramento, and the years of 1849 to 1851 were a particularly fiery time in the history of both towns.

My novel takes place between 1848 and 1850.

Sacramento is one of the primary settings of the novel, and some scenes are set in San Francisco as well.

So, I decided learning something about the San Francisco and Sacramento fires would be good background.

This post focuses on San Francisco.

Santa Rosa, California was founded in 1833 and named after Saint Rose of Lima.

Before the arrival of Jesuits, the Santa Rosa Plain was home to a strong and populous tribe of Pomo natives known as the Bitakomtara.

The Bitakomtara controlled the area closely, barring passage to others until permission was arranged.

Those who entered without permission were subject to harsh penalties.

The tribe gathered at ceremonial times on Santa Rosa Creek near present-day Spring Lake Regional Park.

Upon the arrival of Europeans, the Pomos were decimated by smallpox brought from Europe.

By 1900 the Pomo population decreased by 95%.

Just down the road is the towns of Sebastapol and Occidental.

Remember, California was ‘founded’ in 1850’s and is home to Bohemian Grove were world elite power gather each year in the summer since 1872.

SECRET SOCIETY: Bohemian Grove – Library of Rickandria

By 1863, there was already railroads to through these towns whose populations were under 5,000 people.

Interestingly, Sevastopol, in Russia laid claim to the possible to one of the classic sieges of all time.

The city of Sevastopol was the home of the Tsar’s Black Sea Fleet, which threatened the Mediterranean.

The Russian field army withdrew before the allies could encircle it.

The siege was the culminating struggle for the strategic Russian port in 1854–55 and was the final episode in the Crimean War.

BOOK: EXCERPT: THE ONE WORLD TARTARIANS – THE GREATEST CIVILIZATION EVER TO BE ERASED FROM HISTORY: Chapter 4 The Tartarian Culture – Library of Rickandria

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BOOK: THE ONE WORLD TARTARIANS – THE GREATEST CIVILIZATION EVER TO BE ERASED FROM HISTORY – Library of Rickandria

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BOOK: EXCERPT: THE ONE WORLD TARTARIANS - THE GREATEST CIVILIZATION EVER TO BE ERASED FROM HISTORY: Chapter 3: Mud floods & Liquefication